CTFL 2018 PREPARATION EXAM 04

1. One of the test goals for the project is to have 100% decision coverage

The following three tests have been executed for the control flow graph shown below.

  Test A covers path: A, B, D, E, G.

  Test B covers path: A, B, D, E, F, G.

  Test C covers path: A, C, F, C, F, C, F, G.

Which of the following statements related to the decision coverage goal is correct ?

2. For the following state transition diagram

What is the number of test cases required to test all the transitions in it ?

Consider that each test case starts at the “Start” State and ends at a dead state

3. Postal rates for ‘light letters’ are 25p up to 10g, 35p up to 50g plus an extra 10p for each additional 25g up to 100g. Which test inputs (in grams) would be selected using boundary value analysis?

4. Order numbers on a stock control system can range between 10000 and 99999 inclusive.

Which of the following inputs might be a result of designing tests for only valid equivalence classes and valid boundaries

5. If the test cases time = 11 and time = 15 were input, what level of decision coverage would be achieved ?

6. An input field takes the year of birth between 1900 and 2004. The boundary values for testing this field are

7. How many test cases are necessary to cover all the possible sequences of statements (paths) for the following program fragment?

8. Minimum Tests required for statement coverage and branch coverage

9. What do use cases describe?

10. Statement Coverage will not check for the following ?

11. If you are testing a module of code, how do you determine the level of decision coverage you have achieved?

12. What is the expected result for each of the following test cases?

A. Citibank card member, holding a silver room

B. Non Citibank member, holding a platinum room

13. Given the following specification, which of the following values for age are in the same equivalence partition? If you are less than 18, you are too young to be insured. Between 18 and 30 inclusive, you will receive a 20% discount. Anyone over 30 is not eligible for a discount

14. A programmer validates a numeric field as follows: Values less than 10 are rejected, values between 10 and 21 are accepted, values greater than or equal to 22 are rejected

Which of the following input values cover The most boundary values?

15. Decision Testing Table is being performed on a speeding fine system. Two test cases have already been generated for rules 1 and 4, which are shown below:

Given the following additional test cases:

Which two of the additional test cases would achieve full coverage of the complete decision table (when combined with the test cases that have already been generated for rules 1 and 4)?

16. An employee’s bonus is to be calculated. It cannot become negative, but it can be calculated to zero. The bonus is based on the duration of the employment. An employee can be employed for less than or equal to 2 years, more than 2 years but less than 5 years, 5 to 10 years, or longer than 10 years. Depending on this period of employment, an employee will get either no bonus or a bonus of 10%, 25% or 35%

How many valid equivalence partitions are needed to test the calculation of the bonus?

17. You have started behavior-based testing of a program. It calculates the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two integers (A and B) greater than zero calcGCD (A, B);

The following test cases (TC) have been specified

Which test technique has been applied in order to determine test cases 1 through 6?

18. If you are using a testing technique to identify test cases that were missed when you applied formal testing techniques, what type of test design are you doing?

19. Which of the following test techniques uses the requirements specifications as the test basis?

20. A programmer validates a numeric field as follows: Values less than 10 are rejected, values between 10 and 21 are accepted, values greater than or equal to 22 are rejected

Which of the following input values cover all of the equivalence partitions?

21. You are testing a machine that scores exam papers and assigns grades. Based on the score achieved the grades are as follows:

  1-49 = F, 50-59 = D-, 60-69 = D, 70-79 = C, 80-89 = B, 90-100=A

If you apply boundary value analysis, how many test cases will you need to achieve minimum test coverage?

22. Given this decision table, what is the expected result for the following test cases?

TCI: A 26-year-old on business but with violations or accidents on his driving record

TC2: A 62-year-old tourist with a clean driving record

23. If you are flying with an economy ticket, there is a possibility that you may get upgraded to business class, especially if you hold a gold card in the airline’s frequent flyer program. If you don’t hold a gold card, there is a possibility that you will get ‘bumped’ off the flight if it is full and you check in late. Note that each box (i.e. statement) has been numbered. Three tests have already been run:

Test 1: Gold card holder who gets upgraded to business class

Test 2: Non-gold card holder who stays in economy

Test 3: A person who is bumped from the flight

What additional tests would be needed to achieve 100% decision coverage?

24. Minimum Tests required for statement coverage and branch coverage

25. Evaluate the following control flow diagram and determine the statement coverage and decision coverage resulting from the execution of the following test cases:

A-B-D-E-F

A-B-C

26. Which of the following would be the best test approach when there are poor specifications and time pressures?

27. Which of the following best describes the behaviors defined in a use case that should be covered by tests? 

28. Which of the following black-box testing techniques focuses on covering all combinations of triggering conditions?

29. Given the following program fragment:

If day =Monday

  then statement a

Else

  statement b

End if

If day = Tuesday

  then statement c

End if

What is the minimum number of test cases needed to achieve 100% statement coverage?

30. When should the expected results of a test case be defined?

31. Which of the following statements about the given state table is TRUE?

32. For the following state transition diagram

What is the number of test cases required to test all the states in it “pass at each state at least one time” ?

Consider that each test case starts at the “Start” State and ends at a dead state

33. You are testing a scale system that determines shipping rates for a regional web-based auto parts distributor. You want to group your test conditions to minimize the testing. Identify how many equivalence classes are necessary for the following range. Weights are rounded to the nearest pound

34. Which of the following is an extension of equivalence partitioning? 

35. Which of the following is a good reason to use experience-based testing?

36. Which of the following statements about the given state table is TRUE?

37. One technique of Black Box testing is Equivalence Partitioning. In a program statement that accepts only one choice from among 10 possible choices, numbered 1 through 10, the middle partition would be from ____ to ____

38. Which one of the following techniques is structure-based ?

39. Find the Equivalence class for the following test case. Enter a number to test the validity of being accepting the numbers between 1 and 99

40. What is exploratory testing ?

41. If you need to attain a certain level of code coverage for a particular software product your team is testing, what type of testing should you use?

42. Which of the following is the correct decision table for the following pseudocode for ordering a hamburger ?

Note : if you add or delete items from the basic burger, you no longer get the basic burger.

43. If test cases are derived from looking at the code, what type of test design technique is being used?

44. In a system designed to work out the tax to be paid: An employee has £4000 of salary tax free. The next £1500 is taxed at 10% The next £28000 is taxed at 22% Any further amount is taxed at 40% Which of these groups of numbers would fall into the same equivalence class?

45. Given the state diagram, which test case is the minimum series of valid transitions to cover every state?

46. In a system designed to work out the tax to be paid: An employee has £4000 of salary tax free. The next £1500 is taxed at 10% The next £28000 is taxed at 22% Any further amount is taxed at 40% Which of these is a valid boundary value analysis test case ?

47. You have designed test cases to provide 100 % statement and 100 % decision coverage for the following fragment of code:

If (grade 1 > grade 2)

   print(“Highest grade is grade 1”)

else:

   print(“Highest grade is grade 2”)

The following statements have been added to the code:

print(“Grade 1 is” , grade1)

print(“Grade 2 is” grade 2)

Print (“The total of your grades is:” , grade 1 + grade 2)

After the new statements are added, how many more test cases are required to achieve both 100 % statement coverage & 100 % decision coverage:

48. Consider the above state transition diagram of a switch, Which of the following represents an invalid state transition

49. In a flight reservation system, the number of available seats in each plane model is an input. A plane may have any positive number of available seats, up to the given capacity of the plane. Using Boundary Value analysis, a list of available – seat values were generated. Which of the following lists is correct?

50. If the temperature falls below 18 degrees, the heating is switched on. When the temperature reaches 21 degrees, the heating is switched off. What is the minimum set of test input values to cover all valid equivalence partitions?

51. Which of the following could be a coverage measure for state transition testing?

V All states have been reached

W The response time for each transaction is adequate

X Every transition has been exercised

Y All boundaries have been exercised

Z Specific sequences of transitions have been exercised

52. How is statement coverage determined?

53. Which of the following is correct ?

54. Given this diagram, which test case below covers every valid transition ?

55. You are testing a scale system that determines shipping rates for a regional web-based auto parts distributor. Due to regulations, shipments cannot exceed 100 lbs. You want to include boundary value analysis as part of your black-box test design.

How many tests will you need to execute to achieve 100% boundary value analysis?

56. What is the expected result for each of the following test cases?

1-Frequent flyer member, travelling in Business class

2- Non-member, travelling in Economy class

57. Which is not true-The black box tester

58. With a highly experienced tester with a good business background, which approach to defining test procedures would be effective and most efficient for a project under severe time pressure?

59. Income tax is set a flat rate of 20% per year for all incomes but with 2 exceptions. Tax exemption is given for incomes below 2000 $ per year. Also, families with single worker and more than three members get 30% tax reductions. What is the number of test cases generated using decision table testing when having one test case per each table rule ?

60. A simple gaming application has been specified as a set of use cases. It has been tested by the supplier and is now ready for UAT. The system is assessed as low risk but we need to release the software into the market as fast as possible. Which of the following  techniques would be the best choice  to use in testing this application?

61. Which of the following statements are true for the equivalence partitioning test technique?

A.Divides possible inputs into classes that have the same behavior

B.Uses both valid and invalid partitions.

C.Makes use only of valid partitions.

D.Must include at least two values from every equivalence partition.

E.Can be used only for testing systems that have a GUI

62. What does it mean if a set of tests has achieved 90% statement coverage?

63. What is the expected result for each of the following test cases?

A.TC1: Fred is a 32 year old smoker resident in London

B.TC3: Jean-Michel is a 65 year non-smoker resident in Paris

64. You are testing a medical application that is used only by teenagers, which of the following inputs can be used if we apply equivalence partitioning technique on this system ?

65. Which two Black Box testing techniques are most closely related to each other?

66. Which of the following could be used to assess the coverage achieved for black-box test techniques?

V Decision outcomes exercised

W Partitions exercised

X Boundaries exercised

Y State transitions exercised

Z Statements exercised

67. If you are using error guessing to target your testing, which type of testing are you doing ?

68. The digital rainbow thermometer uses 7 colors to show the ambient temperature. Each color spans a range of just 5, with an operating minimum and maximum of minus 5 and 30, Which of the following values is Least likely to have been identified when applying the boundary value test design technique ?

69. Which of the following solutions below lists techniques that can be categorized as Black Box design techniques?

70. Which of the following is a valid collection of equivalence classes for the following problem: An integer field shall contain values from and including 1 to and including 15

71. You are testing a machine that scores exam papers and assigns grades. Based on the score achieved the grades are as follows:

  1-49 = F, 50-59 = D-, 60-69 = D, 70-79 = C, 80-89 = B, 90-100=A

If you apply equivalence partitioning, how many test cases will you need to  achieve minimum test coverage?